新概念英语第二册:第67课课文详解及语法解析

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  课文详注 Further notes on the text

  1.to set up his camp very close to the volcano,把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方。

  表示“与……靠近’可用 close to:

  He parked the car close to the river.

  他把车停在河边。

  Don't sit so close to the fire.

  别坐得离火那么近。

  2.Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs…尽管他设法拍了一些精彩的照片……

  manage to do sth. 表示“设法做到某事”、“努力完成某事”,即虽然很费劲,但仍然做到/完成某事。另一短语 try to do sth. 可表示“设法做某事”、“努力做某事”,但并不表示完成/做到的含义:

  He tried to open the door but couldn't.

  他试图打开那门,但打不开。

  He managed to open the door.

  他设法把门打开了。

  I finally managed to buy a house.

  我终于设法买了一座房子。

  3.a river of liquid rock,一股岩浆。

  river在这里为比喻用法,表示“(……的)巨流”。由于 a river of 这个结构中没有 as, like等明确表示“像”的词,因此,它是一种暗喻。

  When she heard the news, a river of tears came down her face.

  她听到这个消息后,泪如泉涌。

  Rivers of blood flowed during World war Ⅱ.

  第二次世界大战期间血流成河。

  4.It threatened to surround him completely…(岩浆)眼看就要将他团团围住……

  threaten表示“威胁着要”、“恐吓”:

  The forest fire threatened to destroy the town.

  森林大火眼看就要将这个镇子焚毁。

  He threatened to leave the team.

  他扬言要离开这个队。

  关于 threaten… with,参见第62课课文详注。

  5.to escape just in time, 及时逃离。

  in time表示“及时”、“来得及”,just表示“正好”、“差一点”:

  I caught the train just in time.

  我刚好来得及赶上火车。

  Shall we still be in time for / to see the performance?

  我们还来得及看演出吗?

  6.risked one's life, 冒着生命危险。

  关于risk作为名词和动词的用法,参见第44课词汇学习。

  7.any man alive, 任何在世的人。

  alive 为形容词,可表示“在世的”、“活着的”,通常作表语。它作宾语时必须放在被修饰的词之后:

  Is your grandfather still alive?

  你祖父还活着吗?

  Every man alive has his / her own troubles.

  每个活着的人都有自己的烦恼。

  语法 Grammar in use

  表示“能力”的情态助动词及其他有关的动词: can/ could, be able to与 manage to

  (1)在第43课的语法中,我们学习了表示“能力”的 can/could。用将来时的句子中表示“能力”时通常用 will be able to, 在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时用was able to而不用could:

  I can't remember where I've seen him.

  我想不起来我在什么地方见过他。

  I can sing some songs, but I can't play the piano.

  我会唱一些歌,但我不会弹钢琴。

  He thought he could pass the exam easily, but he failed.

  他以为他能轻易地通过考试,结果他没通过。

  After Byrd had ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks, the plane
was then able to rise.

  在伯德命令他的助手们扔掉两个沉重的食物袋之后,飞机才可以上升了。

  Jane can't swim yet. She'll be able to swim in a few months time.

  简不会游泳。再过几个月她就会游泳了。

  (2)表示“能力”的另一种方式是用 manage to。在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时,它经常代替 be able to。与 be able to相比,它更强调“虽然困难很大,但仍能……”这种含义。试比较:

  He finished the job yesterday.

  他昨天把工作做完了。(陈述一个事实)

  He was able to finish the job yesterday.

  他昨天把工作做完了。(表示可能)

  He managed to finish the job yesterday.

  他昨天设法把工作做完了。(暗示他克服了不少困难才完成)

  如果把最后这句话改成:He was able to watch it after all(他最终看了那场比赛),那么他就不一定是克服困难才看到比赛,而可能是因为情况有变化等。




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